The Portrayal Of Female Students - 751 Words

When I was a high school student, this comic was really popular among the male students. Almost all of the male students really loved this comic for three reasons. First, this comic was the first romance comic targeted at young men. Before the emergence of this comic, every romance comic had targeted young women. Second, the female characters were really beautiful, so readers could get vicarious satisfaction. In my case, when I was in high school, I had a lot of interest in love, girls and sex, and it was possible to get vicarious satisfaction from this comic. Finally, the author’s artistic abilities were amazing. The author could especially paint female characters’ thighs and hips very beautifully and attractively. Almost all of the readers of this comic were male students with a lot of interest in women’s bodies, which could make this comic a huge success. The hero of this comic was an ordinary student in a high school. He loved a beautiful classmate in his cla ss, but she was very famous and popular in his school. One day, he had an opportunity to be closed to her accidently, and could be a closed friend with her. In a Christmas, he confessed his romantic felling for her, and finally he and the heroine became a couple. However, there were a lot of people wanted to interrupt and disturb their relationship, and furthermore the heroine started to work as a model. As I already mentioned, the hero was an ordinary student, so it was not easy to keep the relationship with theShow MoreRelatedPositive Female Role Models Eliminate Negative Effects of Sexually Violent Media by Christopher J. Ferguson,910 Words   |  4 Pagesmedia is a major problem that influences the public both negatively and positively. The article entitles â€Å"Positive female role models eliminate negative effects of sexually violent media† written by Christopher J. Ferguson, tested four hypothesis as to whether or not the media portrayal of women influence or impact depression, anxiety and negative attitudes of women of both male or female. He also tested his hypotheses by concluding that sexuality violence is not only found in pornographic films butRead MoreA Modern Wall Street Journal Survey1537 Words   |  7 Pages A modern Wall Street Journal survey of students in four Chicago-area schools found that more than half the fourth-grade girls were dieting and three-quarters fell they were overweight. Specifically, respondents in this study trust that women are not accurately depicted in advertising in Canada. Methodology In order to address the research propositions of the study, the encore needed a method for mention the types of pistillate portrayals featuring in the context of consumer magazine advertisementsRead MoreThe Image Of Nursing As A Profession936 Words   |  4 Pagesthey are written into the script at all.† (Berkowitz, 2014). â€Å"They are often portrayed as physician helpers, not the highly skilled independent clinicians that we know they are.† (Berkowitz, 2014). Media Portrayal The example of media portrayal that I chose to analyze and discuss shows a female nurse wearing a white, tightly fitting scrub top with a plunging neckline to show her cleavage. The image of this scrub top gives a seductive and revealing vision of what a nurse would typically look likeRead MoreRape And Sexual Assault On College Campuses919 Words   |  4 Pagesthe lack of response by the student body shocked her. 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We are psychologically flooded by the inaccurate portrayals of what advertisersRead MoreMovie Analysis : Mean Girls813 Words   |  4 Pagescategorization of groups of students together because of their race, we see African Americans together, Asian Americans together and groups of white students together. The movie Mean Girls also defines the status of a group because of their economic status, we hear one of the students describing how someone is so popular because she owns two expensive cars and throughout the movie her economic status is linked to her popularity and her importance compared to other students and peers. Gender is specificallyRead MoreThe Alcohol Consumption Of Residents Of On Campus894 Words   |  4 PagesMethod Participants Approximately 150 college students will participate in the proposed study, 75 males and 75 females. The participants will range from 18 to 21 years of age. Participants will be in equal amounts from each residence hall in the University of Houston which underage students reside in as well as off-campus residents. The group criteria will be limited to students under the age of 21 with equal amounts of males and females. Participation in the study will be voluntary. The incentiveRead MoreMedia and Unrealistic Body Image Essay1053 Words   |  5 PagesRationale Today’s culture has placed women across the globe in a position where they are constantly flooded with idealistic images that depict what the media perceives as the â€Å"perfect body.† Quite often, young university-attending females, those who are involved in social identity formation, are exposed to numerous forms of media that fabricate various experiences relative to body image. In the past, researchers have surveyed women who are exposed to body-related standards using multiple forms ofRead MoreFrankenstein Essay1374 Words   |  6 Pagesmonster lie within Frankenstein s own familial relationships, especially with the grief he experienced at the loss of his mother. Frankenstein is riddled with passive female characters who suffer throughout the novel. However, not one female character throughout the novel ever exhibits behaviour outside of the submissive female role. Elizabeth, Victor s love, dies at the hand of the male creature, while waiting for Victor to rescue her. Elizabeth is unable to do anything to defend herself withoutRead MoreLGBT Community and Discrimination.1291 Words   |  6 PagesLGBT community, though not always due to actual hatred of the LGBT community, but rather through lack of knowledge and poor media portrayal. Media portrayal of the LGBT community is varying. It may be very positive and a â€Å"good† portrayal or negative and instead focuses on the stereotypical aspects of the LGBT community. One definition of a good LGBT television portrayal is one that depicts an LGBT character without over glaringly obviousness of their sexual orientation, or without adding many LGBT

A Crumbling Nation Essay - 1464 Words

For those who do not know much about the Soviet Union, or those intrigued by the almighty Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), the history of the collapse of the Soviet Union is extremely well documented in Stephen Kotkins Armageddon Averted: The Soviet Collapse 1970-2000. This relatively short book provides great insight into the downfall of the Soviet Union, as well as to how it could potentially have sustained longer than it did by the Soviet elite. A dramatic shift occurred in the Soviet Union between 1970 and 2000; numerous events and modifications occurred to pave the way for a long and slow decay, as opposed to a rapid and fervent eruption of a crumble that many may have expected. Kotkin provides the readers with a†¦show more content†¦He incorporates various accounts by numerous insiders and senior dignitaries, along with notable failures by political figures, to elucidate the factors that led to the failure of both Communism and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Kotkin commences by discussing the Arab-Israeli War of 1973, as it is a major turning point for the beginning of the collapse of the Soviet Union. During this time, the Arabs and the Israelis went to war; because of this, an oil embargo was put forth and prices skyrocketed. Many countries and nations around the world were struggling to make do on little to no oil, including the two world superpowers. Tough times were had by all during this time during the Brezhnev era; many resorted to working in and with the black market in order to make ends meet. As thousands were losing jobs and sinking more and more into financial woes, the Soviets struck oil in Siberia. A quick shift took place, putting the Soviet Union as the main oil exporter. 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Child Nutrition Act of 1966 and Wic Analysis Free Essays

Child Nutrition Act of 1966 and WIC Analysis a. How effective is the policy is in terms of solving the social problem. The Child Nutrition Act of 1966 has since formed and developed many programs beneath it to aid those in poverty. We will write a custom essay sample on Child Nutrition Act of 1966 and Wic Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now The five top producing programs under the Child Nutrition Act in fiscal year 2010 include the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), the National School Lunch Program, and the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), the Child and Adult Care Food Program, and the School Breakfast Program. WIC serves 45-50 % of all infants born in the United States (Facing Hunger in America, 2011, para. 3). According to Kowaleski-Jones Duncan (2002), much of the research on the effects of WIC participation on children has focused on the potential benefits of increased use of prenatal care, increased Medicaid savings, better infant outcomes, and less infant mortality. In addition to the previously stated, WIC’s effectiveness can be supported by the perception of â€Å"WIC Works,† (Kowaleski-Jones, Duncan, 2002). The observation that â€Å"WIC works,† is driven by the great deal of research for WIC partakers to birth healthier offspring (Kowaleski-Jones, Duncan, 2002). For example, each dollar spent on WIC saved the state at least $1. 77 to $3. 13 in health care costs (Bitler, Currie, 2004). According to Public Health Nurse Supervisor Luzette Samargia, of Duluth, Minnesota, WIC is effective and produces positive outcomes (Facing Hunger in America, 2011, para. 11). Luzette manages about 27 public health nurses and 3 dieticians, who as part of their jobs are highly trained to provide WIC health checks, breastfeeding encouragement, nutrition counseling for mothers and their young children, and appropriate WIC food vouchers (Facing Hunger in America, 2011, para. 7). According to Luzette: WIC has generally not been found to significantly change food patterns of participants or to reduce the incidence of obesity. Thus, WIC programs are increasing their focus on nutrition education. And in 2009 the WIC nutrition advice and foods available with WIC vouchers were completely updated in accordance with current USDA guidelines. For example, WIC vouchers may now be used for fresh fruits and vegetables, more whole-grain products are required and only milk with 2 percent or lower fat content is authorized for women and children age 2 and older (Facing Hunger in America, 2011, para. 12). WIC’s goal is not to end poverty and solve all problems amongst it. WIC’s purpose is to aid those in need and supplement their nutritional prerequisites. Breastfeeding an infant is vital to a newborns development, yet not everyone has this knowledge. WIC does offer free infant formula to its participants but strongly encourages mothers to breastfeed. b. Describe the policy’s strengths and limitations Limitations involved when discussing WIC can be drawn to breastfeeding rates. Because WIC provides free infant formula, breastfeeding rates have been a hot topic amongst WIC participants. However, according to the National WIC Association breastfeeding rates have slightly risen in recent years. In the year 2004, approximately 55% of mother’s participating in WIC’s benefits were breastfeeding; in the year 2010 rates had increased to over 60% (National WIC Association [NWA], 2011). An additional limitation involved with WIC is of course funding (Mahoney, 2008). Each year Congress authorizes just how much of funding will be allotted for the WIC program (Mahoney, 2008, pg. 4) According to the USDA: They requested $6. 1 billion for the WIC Program for fiscal year 2009, a 1. 3% increase from fiscal year 2008. This request was based on projected increases in participation and food costs, and the USDA’s proposal to limit nutrition services, cut administrative costs, and to restrict eligibility for Medicaid recipients – a proposal rejected by Congress for fiscal year 2008 (Mahoney, 2008, pg. 4). With inflation rates continually on the rise and because WIC is not an entitlement program, if funds are not available eligible participants at nutritional risk may not receive the supplemental nutrients as they have in the past (Mahoney, 2008, pg. 5). In contrast to limitations WIC also has much strength. In Indiana alone, according to the National WIC Association in the fiscal year of 2011 167,875 women, infants, and children participated (National WIC Association [NWA], 2013, pg. 1). WIC is preparing ways in which women can avoid the long lines, the stigma, and hassle when purchasing nutritious foods. Indiana is currently preparing plans in converting the WIC program to the Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) by 2020 (NWA, 2013, pg. 2) c. Who gains and who loses as a result of the policy? . Are there people in need who are left out? Who is left out? WIC serves a tightly-defined population – strictly low to moderate income, nutritionally at-risk pregnant women, breastfeeding women, non-breastfeeding postpartum women, infants, and children up to their fifth birthday (Facing Hunger in America, 2011). Participants of WIC’s family members may benefit from participation, yet if you were not mentioned previously you may be left out from receiving WIC benefits. e. Is the policy addressing only a portion of a larger issue? What is the larger issue? f. Does the policy improve social well-being? Explain in detail. g. Does the policy advance the cause of social and economic justice? References Bitler, M. , Currie, J. (2004, June). Does wic work? The effects of wic on pregnancy and birth outcomes. Retrieved from http://www. econ. ucla. edu/people/papers/currie/more/prams. pdf Facing Hunger in America. (2011, June 23). Wic works. Retrieved from http://facinghungerinamerica. blogspot. com/2011/06/wic-works. html Kowaleski-Jones, L, Duncan, G. (2002). Effects of participation in the wic program on birthweight: Evidence from the longitudinal survey of youth. American Journal of Public Health, 92(5), 799-804. Retrieved from http://www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pmc/articles/PMC1447164/ Mahoney, M. (2008). The special supplemental nutrition program for women, infants, children (wic): Opportunities to influence participants’ health in Minnesota. Tobacco Law Center. Retrieved from http://phlc. stylefish. com/sites/default/files/resources/phlc-policy-wic. pdf National WIC Association. (2011). Advocacy action center. Retrieved from http://www. nwica. org/? q=advocacy/1 National WIC Association. (2013, January). How wic impacts the people of Indiana. Retrieved from http://www. paramountcommunication. com/nwica/Indiana. pdf National WIC Association. (2011, November). Wic funding: What does sequestration mean for wic’s future? Retrieved from http://www. paramountcommunication. com/nwica/WICSequestration. pdf Neuberger, Z. (2013, March 5). Sequestration could deny nutrition deny up to 750,000 at-Risk low-Income women and children. Center and Budget and Policy Priorities. Retrieved from http://www. offthechartsblog. org/category/food-assistance/child-nutrition-and-wic/ Neuberger, Z. , Greenstein, B. (2013, March 5). The impact of the sequester on wic: 575,000 to 750,00 eligible low income women and children at nutritional risk could be denied benefits. Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. Retrieved from http://www. cbpp. org/files/2-26-13fa. pdf Studymode. (2010, February). Social welfare: Wic schema. Retrieved from http://www. studymode. com/essays/Social-Welfare-Wic-Schema-285472. html Whaley, S. E. , Koleilat, M. , Whaley, M. Gomez, J. , Meehan, K. , Saluja, K. (2012). Impact of the special supplemental nutrition program for women, infants, and children. American Journal Of Public Health, 102(12), 2269-2273. doi:10. 2105/AJPH. 2012. 300770 Wolf, J. (n. d. ). Wic: Women, infants, children. Retrieved from http://singleparents. about. com/od/financialhel1/p/wic. htm U. S. Department of Agriculture. (2011, March). The food assistance landscape. ( Economic Information Bulletin No. 6-8). Washington DC: Economic Research Service. Retrieved from http://www. ers. usda. gov/media/129642/eib6-8. pdf How to cite Child Nutrition Act of 1966 and Wic Analysis, Essay examples

The Hunt Scene in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight free essay sample

Analysis of the hunt scene in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. This paper analyzes Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and takes a look at the traditional symbols used, including the all-important hunt scene. As Section III opens, Bercilak, the liege-lord of the land, as eager as an impatient bridegroom, bolts his breakfast before riding the hunt with his men. The dogs are unleashed as couples to a bugle fanfare reminiscent of the bridal belling to which wedded couples have been treated throughout history. The leashes are cast away, (s.46), so the hounds are free of constraint in order to pursue their beloved prey, the deer. The lord commands that only the does should be driven to the valley, and the dogs chase the frightened females to that most feminine symbol of nature, the deep chasms between the hills. There, the dogs herd the prey and snatch down any does who dare bolt, like some medieval inversion of the Sadie Hawkins chase. We will write a custom essay sample on The Hunt Scene in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Stanza 47 ends with the trimetric four lines (what translator Tolkien calls the wheel describing the rest of the hunt, which finds the lord wild with joy at their success; the short three-beat meter adds a lilting, triumphant note to their endeavors. Oft spur and oft alight is a phrase which seems to prance like deer and hounds when read aloud.

The Role of Science in Crime Reduction

Biological science, specifically forensic pathology, has become an important tool in civil and criminal investigations due to its ability to determine the cause of death of an individual (Naples et al. 2010, 162). It helps to determine how a person died, what were the exact causes and to determine whether foul play was involved in the death (Naples et al. 2010, 162).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Science in Crime Reduction specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is a branch of science that has actually gained popularity within recent years as a result of the hit television series â€Å"CSI: Crime Scene Investigations† which has glamorized the job of a forensic pathologist and has created the general notion that most crimes can be resolved by forensic pathologists should the proper evidence be obtained. Modern technology along with constantly innovating techniques in forensic investigation have re sulted in a plethora of concepts, methods and frameworks from which a forensic pathologist can draw on in order to solve a case. The role of forensic investigators goes beyond merely analyzing and solving a case but rather acts as a method of crime reduction through which the guilty are put behind bars to safeguard the rest of society. DNA Analysis Perpetrators of violent crimes have a tendency for leaving DNA evidence behind resulting in their subsequent capture once the trace amounts of DNA are examined. Murders, rapists and other violent criminals always seem to believe that there would be no possible method for investigators to trace them if they do not leave anything behind at the crime scene. What they fail to take into account is the fact that there is no such thing as the perfect crime and that one way or another some form of evidence is left behind. This can come in the form of skin scrappings located under the victims fingernails, bite marks on the suspects body, pieces of hair, dried semen or even eyelashes can be used as possible samples for DNA analysis in order to catch criminals. The U.S. alone has one of the most extensive criminal DNA databases in the world where all it would take is the click of a button to compare a DNA sample today with one taken years ago when a person was arrested (Gabriel et al. 2010, 396). This has resulted in drastic drop in the amount of violent criminals that have been allowed to go free due to lack of evidence which as a result keeps the society safe. Fingerprint Analysis The human fingerprint is a unique identifying mark that can connect an individual to a scene of a crime resulting in their subsequent arrest should it be proven that they were the perpetrators of the act itself. Most criminals seem to be unaware of is the fact that virtually any surface can hold an imprint of a human fingerprint for a certain length of time. This is due to the fact that the hands of all individuals secret a combination of oil and s weat that when combined form a thin layer covering the hand.Advertising Looking for essay on criminology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More When pressed upon a surface this thin layer is subsequently transferred on the surface itself resulting in fingerprint. Not only have new fingerprint detection methods been invented but the subsequent automation of fingerprint detection systems means that it is now far easier and faster to compare fingerprint records from a crime scene with those from an individual that has been arrested for a violent crime (Dias and Dingeman 2004, 22). Cause of Death Analysis Autopsy techniques have advanced to such a degree that they can determine the time and cause of death and in the case of foul play what particular type of weapon or poison was used to kill a person (Chapter 4 2004, 56). Catching criminals is not always a case of finding DNA evidence or fingerprints, premeditated crimes often involve ca reful planning and subterfuge in order to fool forensic investigators and police detectives alike into believing a crime was committed by someone else other than the perpetrator in their midst. It is up to forensic investigators to examine the cause of death of the victim and compare it to the story given by various suspects at the scene in order to determine who the perpetrator of the crime really is. Reference List Chapter Four. 2005. Examining the Body. Pathology 56. EBSCOhost . Dias, Gary, and Dingeman, Robbie. 2004. Chapter 2 Fingerprints. Honolulu CSI  22. EBSCOhost . Gabriel, Matthew and others. 2010. Beyond the Cold Hit Measuring the Impact of the National DNA Data Bank on Public Safety at the City and County Level. Journal  of Law, Medicine Ethics 38, no. 2: 396-411. Naples, Virginia and others. 2010. A Skeleton Tells Its Own Story ForensicAdvertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Science in Crime Reduction specifically for you for o nly $16.05 $11/page Learn More Analyses of Skeletal Elements for the Science Classroom Laboratory. American  Biology Teacher 72, no. 3: 162-171. This essay on The Role of Science in Crime Reduction was written and submitted by user Keyon U. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Planning functions

Planning functions Planning is a decision making process. It helps one to decide on what to do and how to do it. There are six steps to follow when planning. First and foremost, one has to analyze the situation. Two constraints are very important at this stage and they are time and resources. Gathering of information and interpreting is done at this stage. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Planning functions specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Also, a summary of all the relevant information is done. Identification and diagnosing planning assumptions is done. In addition issues and problems are identified. The second step is having alternative goals and plans. Alternative goals that can be implemented later are provided. It also gives plans used to implement the goals. Thirdly, evaluation of goals and plans is done. Advantages and disadvantages on alternative goals and plans are evaluated. Also, the possible effects of the goals and plans are evaluated at this stage. Fourthly, selection of the goals and plans is carried out. The most appropriate and feasible goals and plans are selected. Right judgment is crucial at this stage. In the fifth step, implementation of the designed plans takes place. This helps one to achieve the set goals. To implement a plan, the manager must understand it well. Also, resources to implement the plan must be available. Finally, monitoring and controlling are important. These help one to know whether his/ her plan is succeeding. Continuous monitoring of the actual performance against unit’s goal should be done. Implementation is the most important step in planning. The reason behind this is that implementation of plans helps in achieving the set goals (Darlkir, 7). There are three types of plans that can be used in different organizations. These include, single used plans, standing plan, and contingency plan. Singles of standing plans are policies, a procedure and rules (Ingram, p ara.4). Contingency plans are meant for specific situations. This is incase things don’t move as expected. Contingency planning involves flexibility and adaptation. Also, mastery is needed due to the changing conditions. They include planning for marketing. The reason behind is to get support from the stakeholders. In addition, they allow for understanding from the stakeholders (Ingram, para.5). In our organization we usually use standing plan. The reason behind is that we usually deal with activities that need much time before completion. Also, in our organization we have many different departments where this kind of planning is more applicable. From the above literature, I have been able to learn that planning is one of the key aspects in any organization. Implementation of a plan is one of the most important steps in any planning. Implementation helps in achieving the already set goals. Without the implementation of a plan, the other work done during the planning process will be of no importance. Different plans can be applied in different organizations. The kind of plan to be used depends on the type of activities taking places in an organization. Darlkir, Kimiz. Knowledge management in theory and practice. New York: Technology partner. 2011. Print. Ingram, David. Define single use, contingency standing plans for business. January 26, 2011. April 22, 2011.

Electoral College Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Electoral College - Essay Example Pelayo was elected by his Visigothic nobles before becoming king of Asturias and Pepin the Sort was also elected by his Frankish nobles so as to become the first Carolingian king (Wedgewood 29-36). In the Holy Roman Empire, the King of the Romans was selected by the college of prince electors from the late Middle Ages until 1792 when the last election took place (Wedgewood 29-36). The Church in the West left electoral power exclusively to the College of Canons of the Cathedral Church. In the case of the Pope, selection is left to the exclusive authority of the College of Cardinals since 1059. Currently, the United States of America is the best illustration of a society that uses the Electoral College System to indirectly elect the president and the vice president (Sabato 20-35). Framers of the Unites States’ Constitution devised the Electoral College as procedure to indirectly elect the president by the people. The Constitutional Convention came up with so various methods of selecting the president which included selection of the president by the Congress; selection of the president by the State Legislature; selection of the president through direct popular vote (Kolodny 45-65). These procedures were rejected for various reasons such as threats of power bargaining and corruption (Longley and Pierce 12-17). Finally, the convention settled for the indirect method of election of the president through the Electoral College and this procedure was stipulated in Article II, Section 1 of the Constitution of the United States (Kolodny 45-65). The article on the Electoral College has undergone several amendments in 1880, 1804 (12th Amendment) and in 1876. The last amendment to the Electoral College was made through the 23rd Amendment which gave the District of Columbia the right to vote for three electors just as the residents of other states

Es179 writing assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Es179 writing assignment - Essay Example People working in engineering jobs without the degree must be classified as engineering workers, not engineers to keep up with the engineering standard. Performing work commonly recognized as â€Å"what engineers do† does not make a professional engineer. The law dictating that an engineer is one practicing engineering jobs should be revised. In fact, people must not initially trust a person working as engineer if they do not have a college degree. Likewise, there are no persons included which should be removed from the list of engineers. Thus, people working as engineers must be classified as engineering workers, never engineers to ensure professionalism. Being a chartered engineer is not the minimum requirement to be called professional engineer. In some countries, the computer engineers and the industrial engineers do not have a chartered board exam requirement. Clearly, having other accomplishments like passing the chartered engineering board exams and pursuing professional engineering development are not the minimum requirements needed to be called an engineer. There are no people included which should be removed from the list of engineers. Consequently, people working engineering jobs must be called engineering workers, to avoid

Vascular Access in Continous Renal Replacement therapy Essay

Vascular Access in Continous Renal Replacement therapy - Essay Example 24). CRRT uses diffusion (haemodialysis), convection (haemofiltration) or combines these two methods (heamodiafiltration) in order to achieve solute removal from the blood. Small molecular weight substances like potassium, urea and creatinine are efficiently removed through haemodialysis (Kellum, Mehta, Angus, Palevsky and Ronco, 2002, p.1858). For larger solute molecules, heamofiltration is the most efficient method of their removal in comparison with dialysis. In haemofiltration, filtration of plasma through the semi-permeable membrane is caused by hydrostatic pressure. In addition, solutes cross the membrane alongside the plasma which results in convective solute transport flowing in the same direction as water (Medve, Preda and Gondos, 2010, p. 104). Therefore, haemofiltration needs the use of replacement fluid to avert excessive removal of fluid, electrolyte depletion as well as iatrogenic acidosis. Since the plasma solute concentration is the same as that of the removed filtrat e, concentration of the solutes in the blood plasma remaining need to be diluted using substitution fluid. The use of combined convective and diffusive clearance as well as haemofiltration is effective for removal of large and small molecular weight solutes (Joannidis and Oudemans-van Straaten, 2007, p. 219). Modalities The several modalities of CRRT available are continuous veno-venous haemodiafiltration (CVVHDF), continuous veno-venous haemofiltration (CVVH) and continuous veno-venous haemofiltration (CVVHD). In terms of solute clearance rate, CRRT is lower in comparison with IHD (Intermittent haemodialysis treatments). However, balance clearance within the 24 hr period that CRRT is undertaken is much higher. Moreover, fluid elimination during CRRT is much slower and requires continuous use of anticoagulants which risks bleeding (Uchino, Bellomo, Morimatsu, Morgera, et al. 2007, p. 1567). Continuous veno-venous haemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) There is counter-flow of blood and dialysi s solution within the dialysis filter Blood flows at a speed of between 100 and 200ml/min Dialysis solution speed is between 1 and 2 l/h Optimisation of the ultrafiltration speed is dictated by convective transport of dissolved substances and volume loss. The removal of solutes is done simultaneously by both diffusion and convection Substitution fluid is used to replace lost fluid Continuous veno-venous haemofiltration (CVVH) Removal of solutes occurs via convective transport Ultrafiltrate which is produced must be replaced using a substitution solution Removal of ultrafiltrate may cause patient’s volume loss Continuous veno-venous haemofiltration (CVVHD) There is counter-flow of blood and dialysis solution within the dialysis filter Blood flows at a speed of between 100 and 200ml/min Dialysis solution speed is between 1 and 2 l/h The administration of fluid is not routine Solute removal occurs through diffusion Principles and Indications Membrane characteristics must be cons idered when choosing treatment modalities of CRRT. These characteristics include; biocompatibility, solute removal and water permeability (Fall and Szerlip, 2010, p. 583). In general, efficiency of small molecules in CRRT is largely depended on

Economic Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources

Economic Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources Economic Impacts of Climate Change in the Mountain Regions: Water as a source of peace and economic development Abstract When we think of the mountains we usually think of the mountains themselves and not the impact they make on the area below them. The purpose of this research is to review impacts of climate change at a global scale on the mountains and the mountains’ water supply. This paper also reviews major environmental/ecological, social, and economic issues facing us. Tourism industry will suffer because of it. The study concludes that climate change will bring in instability on global scale with possible water conflicts and decreasing economic developments especially in developing countries. This will bring increased people migration into the areas not much effected by water supply issues and will increase social and political instability in those areas. Keywords:relative water yield (RWY), â€Å"water towers†, â€Å"river piracy† Introduction It is estimated that out of 7.382 billion people in the world today (U.S. Census, 2017), about 11% of the world’s population live in the mountain regions (Kohler et al, 2014). The mountains provide water for billions of people. The mountains are â€Å"water towers† of the world. They cover 25% of the world’s land surface and more than 50% the world’s population depends on water that originates in the mountains (Viviroli et all, 2006). By comparison in 2015 we used less than 1% of fresh water. That water is made in more than 18,000 desalination plants. The water desalination production increased by 67% from 2008 (Thomas Sumner et all, 2016). The water from mountains is used for drinking, domestic use, irrigation, hydropower, transportation, tourism purposes and many other industries. Climate change in the mountains is bringing in an unpredictable winters. Winters with minimal snow or snow coverage which lasts for only a short time are the winters of today (J. Dawson et all, 2009). Climate change in the mountains will bring increased hazards and casualties, such as: fires, floods, avalanches, landslides, desertification, and mountain erosion. It will change the rainfall and monsoon patterns which will bring devastation and economic uncertainty to many regions. Climate change will increase people’s migration and will bring diseases not known in the area. The possibility of conflicts and even war might also increase. Water as a source of peace and economic development Mountains as water source around the world Climate change might have devastated outcome especially for semi-arid and arid areas which will be affected by less water coming from the mountains. The mountains help to distribute up 95% of water to these areas. In humid areas mountains’ distribution of water is up to 60%. (Swiss Agency et all, 1998). Figure 1 below shows mountain water run off around the world. Figure 1: Disproportionality of mountain runoff formation relative to average lowland runoff (RWY), mapped cell by cell for mountainous areas. Disproportionality in favor of runoff is given when RWY is greater than 1, its importance being marked for RWY > 2 and essential for RWY > 5 (Viviroli et al, 2007). As can be seen in Figure 1, the most important water mountain sources are regions in the Middle East, South and central Africa, Asia, Rocky Mountains in the U.S. and the Andes. In the Figure 1, we can see that relative water runoff is very important for the lower areas in the areas of where RWY is higher than 1 2 and essential for RWY > 5 (Viviroli et al, 2007). As can be seen in Figure 1, the most important water mountain sources are regions in the Middle East, South and central Africa, Asia, Rocky Mountains in the U.S. and the Andes. In the Figure 1, we can see that relative water runoff is very important for the lower areas in the areas of where RWY is higher than 1

Enron and its Shortcomings Essay -- essays research papers

Enron’s overall business practices are not ethical. One business practice of Enron that I think poses an ethical issue is their attitude towards its employees. They create a highly competitive and a result oriented business atmosphere. They used a system where they would rank employees every half a year and fire employees who ranked on the bottom 1/5 of the scores. This kind of attitude where only results matter and if you don’t produce anything good you will get fired will only hurt the company. This promotes unethical behavior and getting what needs to be done to get good results no matter what and if you do well you will receive big bonuses. This approach towards Enron’s employees did not have very good utilitarian reasoning. This doesn’t help employees morale and psychological satisfaction. The cost of this kind of approach was very low because in fact you will weed out the slackers but the results Enron had where employees afraid to question unethica l situations in Enron in fear of their jobs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another section of Enron’s business practice that is definitely not ethical is their accounting methods. In a technical aspect their accounting methods were fine, but this was only because of a loophole. Andrew S. Fastow was described as a financial whiz kid because of these loopholes that he knew how to take advantage of. Some of these things that he, and Enron, were able to take advantage of were the setups of special purpose entities. They would setup these special purpose entities and have either their friends or employees to invest in these special purpose entities so that Enron my say that their debts and liabilities are actually under the special purpose entities and not of Enron. This made it look like Enron didn’t have as much debt as it should have had. A second practice in the accounting methods that were not ethical was their manipulation of their revenue. What they did was to make either their earnings more or inflating their stock. They would make sure that any potential deals that could make money in the future they wrote down in the books in the present, which is not a good accounting practice. Also they used sham swaps with other companies that would buy products and services with each other to make it look like they where making sales and money, when in fact that all they did was trade some assets and wrote a sale.... ...d of the day. Enron’s legal responsibility was low while their economic responsibility was relatively high. They wanted to make money but they where doing it the illegal way, and because of this their social responsibility was just terrible. In the end of the company no matter what was done all the illegal actions were catching up to them and this showed to the world how irresponsible Enron was. They were not socially responsible to any of their stakeholder. The stocks fell and their company went into bankruptcy, many people lost money. Employees lost their jobs and life earnings, and because Enron was a huge company the end of Enron had a ripple affect. All other companies that worked with Enron lost business and they might have had to cut back on costs. Customers lost because they didn’t have the services of Enron, a company that deals with electricity, water, broadband, pulp, paper, and lumber. Creditors had to write off loads of bad debt because Enron would not be able to pay it back. Companies should take a look at Enron’s approach to business and learn that you need to responsibly balance all three responsibilities of business to have a successful business in today’s world.

Differentiating Between Market Structures Essay

Kudler Fine Foods is the brain child of Kathy Kudler. She envisioned a one stop gourmet food store and has grown to three locations to date. She continues to maintain direct control over large bulk purchase order items, stringent customer service policies, and hiring. This paper discusses how the organization competes in the marketplace and the strengths and weaknesses of the company according to the marketing surveys their customers completed. The following also discusses which market structure best applies to the organization and how that structure positively and negatively affects the firm, how the effectiveness of the competitive strategies in the market structure affect the organization’s long-term profitability, and what competitive strategy recommendations may be made. How Kudler Competes Kudler Foods competes on a differentiation strategy. While the advertising is similar to the average grocery stores in the area, the advertising is not built on a â€Å"loss leader† criteria. Kudler Foods is one of only a few competitors in Orange County that offers a complete gourmet shopping opportunity. The company considered the greatest competition is the Cardiff Seaside Market and is in direct competition to the Encinitas and Del Mar locations. If left unchecked and depending on how effective the new managers are at strategic combinations, the competing store could negatively impact Kudler Foods market share. Something like this could decimate Kudler Foods’ customer base. Active assessment of strategy strengths and weaknesses is necessary to mitigate the challenges of this possibility. Strengths and Weaknesses Kudler Fine Foods marketing surveys were a clear indication of their strengths and weaknesses. Customers were happy with the displays and lay-out of the store. Customers were happy with the merchandise they purchased, even though they were not happy with the value they received for their money. Customers were practically split down the middle about how they felt about the customer service they received. That sentiment is not a reflection on how knowledgeable the customer service person was since customers overwhelmingly voted positively when asked that question. Overall, the customers felt good about the organization, how the company is branding itself as a premier gourmet market, the quality of the products and the knowledge level of the service representative. Best Market Structure The best market structure for Kudler Foods is oligopoly. Oligopoly, as defined by Colander (2010), â€Å"A market structure in which there are only a few firms and firms explicitly take other firms’ likely response into account; there are often significant barriers to entry.† Oligopoly requires strategic thinking. A real life company that has the same market structure as Kudler Foods is Whole Foods Market. Whole Foods Market carries specialty, gourmet food items, meats, wines, cheeses, and bulk food stuffs. Whole Foods Market also offers food and wine tastings, and attracts a wealthier clientele who fancy themselves as â€Å"gourmet foodies.† A large portion of their inventory is organically produced. Their customer service levels are a point of great pride as they know it is not just the food but the service that keep customers coming back. (Whole Foods Market, 2013) There are however, positive and negative effects of this market structure. Positive and Negative Effects A negative effect of oligopoly is that it is largely inefficient – economically and in productivity. What this means is that oligopolies do not produce in the most inexpensive manner nor do they produce the right amount of products according to demand. A positive effect of this market structure is the overall profits. These profits, for the growth purposes of Kudler Foods, could be used for technological advances so they may offer improved products, costs, prices, and allow them to stay ahead of the competition now and in the future to maintain long term profitability. Recommendations A firm recommendation is further train employees to enrich operations and increase customer service. Employees are certainly knowledgeable, as per the marketing survey results, but could use some additional training in increasing customer service skills. This could be accomplished by hiring an expert in the field to come in and teach service skills to the employees. To ensure the skills are used, Kudler Foods could tie a small part of the employee’s compensation to good reports from customers. In addition, Kathy Kudler is making plans to introduce new e-commerce capabilities as well as a catering link on the new website slated for launch in June 2004. These steps will add automation to inventory ordering and reach potential customers outside of the geographical area they currently service (â€Å"Kudler Fine Foods | Administration: Strategic Plan 2003†, 2013). The use of e-commerce will showcase strengths and perhaps give sustained competitive advantage. This new automation will also allow cash flows to go to the geographical expansion Mrs. Kudler wishes to achieve rather than operations functions. Conclusion The main point of this paper was to offer a market analysis for Kudler Foods and offer recommendations based on that analysis. Commitment to strategic plan, both in formulation and implementation are vital. â€Å"As with any plan, simply formulating a good strategy is not enough. Managers also must ensure that the new strategies are implemented effectively and efficiently (Bateman & Snell, p. 150, 2011).† Given the current circumstances, Kudler Foods has an excellent opportunity to maintain the positive cash flow it has been earning. If Kudler Foods will accept that strategy formulation, implementation, and technological advances are essential to securing future significant returns, Kudler Foods will ensure continued success by creating a connection between increased customer service, an internet presence, automated ordering, customer buying habit tracking, and customers’ lives. The sustainable competitive strategic advantage that Kulder Foods wishes to maintain and elo ngate will most certainly be realized. References Colander, D.C. (2010). Economics (8th ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database. Bateman, T. S., & Snell, S. A. (2011). Management: Leading & Collaborating in a Competitive World (9th ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database Whole Foods Market, Mission & Values (2013) Retrieved from http://www.wholefoodsmarket.com/mission-values Kudler Fine Foods | Administration: Strategic Plan 2003 (2013). Retrieved from https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/secure/aapd/CIST/VOP/Business/Kudler2/intranet/strategic-plan.asp

World War II in the Historical Context Essays

World War II in the Historical Context Essays World War II in the Historical Context Essay World War II in the Historical Context Essay World War II is considered by many people as the worst global confrontation since time began. The war was started by radical nationalism and individual egos; the very thing Adolf Hitler and the Japanese believed was the root of most problems in the world. The sources in the textbook had similar aggression against westernization. In the first source, Hitlers Mein Kampf detailed a concept of survival of the fittest. The jailed World War I veteran describes a racial war?with his Aryan race as the ominant, prevailing group. His belief that progress could only be made if the dominant people were put into places of power and responsibility coupled with a proposal of fighting to live. Hitlers strong sense of nationalism and self/Germany- entitlement evoked a passionate following which later led him to German leadership. His specific declaration of Jewish people as the main ailment of the world leads to the greatest genocide in history. The Japanese were another instigator of World War II as they too developed an aggressive form of nationalism among their people. In the source, Kokutai No Hongi, the Japanese narrate a loss of morality through westernization. The publishing calls for a return to loyalty and morality; by this, they mean the devotion to a Master (Emperor) and Subjects (people). They also detail a history of valuing warriors. Those very ideologies very likely segued to a violent ostility towards anything and anyone western. In short, People who might find these drastic writings attractive would be anyone who has a strong sense of nationalism?even racial prejudice. It could be long-standing tradition or upbringing that fueled many people who felt their native culture and land have been corroded and invaded by others. The easiest answer is to blame it on someone else, especially if they are physically different.

Ray tracing Essays

Ray tracing Essays Ray tracing Essay Ray tracing Essay The objective of this experiment is to find the length of an object and its focal lengths. I will first try to hypothesize where the length points will be. The given results of my hypothesized diagrams will determine the lengths of the focal points. I will then be able to find out where the object image will be situated by following my ray trace diagrams. I believe that I will be able to find the length of the object image if I can find the two focal length points ( 1/v and 1/u displayed in my ray trace diagrams and the focal graph). To achieve this I have decided that I could not get an accurate hypothesis if I did not know this information, so I will carry out a small practical experiment. We found that if the lens is thin, the focal length is longer, and if it is thicker, the focal length is smaller. The focal length for our lens is 10cm. I have created some ray tracing diagrams to show my predicted lengths using the focal length that I found. I have found the longest distance that I can get a clear image is 100cm, the shortest being 15cm. I then carried out an experiment to prove my hypothesis. I used light boxes to create a light source, but this is not extremely accurate as the light rays diverge and are not parallel. I used a screen and a lens to try to find an image. My results for my experiment were as follows. I had three atempts to make my experiment more accurate. Image lens Lens Screen Image size (cm) 1st/2nd/3rd attempt (cm) 1st/2nd/3rd attempt (mm) 15 33/35/36.5 25/28/29 25 18/18/18.5 9/9/9 40 15/14/15 5/5/4 50 14/13.5/13.5 3/3/3.5 60 13.5/13/13.5 2.5/2.5/2.5 80 12.5/12.5/12.5 1/1/1.5 100 12/12/12.5 1/1/1 I have found the averages of the 3 attempts and have also put these in a table. Image lens Lens Screen Image size (cm) Average(to 2dp, cm) Average (to 1dp, mm) 15 34.80 27.3 25 18.17 9 40 14.67 4.7 50 13.67 3.2 60 13.33 2.5 80 12.50 1.3 100 12.17 1 This data is represented in a graph. It shows that the longer you move the object to the lens away, the less distance between the screen to the lens is needed to get a clear image. The further the object to the lens is the smaller the image size. The only problems that I had with my experiment were the fact that the light rays were not perfectly parallel. This could of lead to the rays moving away from the focal points, and could then move the object image a few millimeters, which could change the results by a lot. The other problem was the materials. These were not of a high quality, and the measuring devices we used were 1 meter rulers, which were not accurate enough to the millimeter. We also did not know what thickness the lenses were, so we could not go into further detail into the changes, which they may have caused. Overall the experiment was a success. It showed basically what my raytracing diagrams, and my hypothesis had shown. It gave a clear, precise trend on how the lengths change. Changing with size it shows the further you pull the object from the lens, the shorter length you have to put the lens from the screen.

Slavery-Response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Slavery-Response - Essay Example It investigates the European nations that trafficked in slaves. It also emphasizes on brief origin and history of African enslavement. However, the embarkation area map of the West and West Central Africa is unable to provide with a closer insight. Additionally, it seems that the data on most of the African American history has been compiled from few sources i.e. most are from Eltis et al 2001, lacking a well researched recent literature review. The web site incorporates few links in the right side of the page for distant learning. These are well designed according to format of a report with an introduction, discussion pages and links to resources. There is also a well interpreted history of cultural norms and traditions under the heading â€Å"Laws that Bound†. Apart from some minor issues, the website is a great source of information for people interested in exploring their ethnographic and cultural background. The service is doing a good job at maintaining the national pres erves and assisting the general public in visiting such cultural sites keeping the history alive.

Research Paper on literary canon and authors place in that canon

On literary canon and authors place in that canon - Research Paper Example His stories also illustrate the use of science fiction blended with horror and mysterious plots. Poe’s work became great source of inspiration and guidance for the coming writers in the genre of detective fiction and even the detective stories of today use the ideas first introduced in his detective fiction stories (Sova, p221). Poe occupies most prominent space in the detective fiction and even after several decades his work is still great source of inspiration for the writers of detective fiction genre. He paved the ways for ghosts and mysterious murdered in the American literature and illustrate the depiction of different fiction as well as scientific phenomenon in the stories. He introduced some detective characters to solve the mysteries of the stories. Before Poe the use of detective was not very common in the stories and there was no use of detectives for solving the mysteries (Ackroyd, p165). The history of detective and science fiction and detective fiction writing in America is marked with the names of several prominent and renowned fiction writer however, it is a fact admitted by the literary critics that the detective fiction writing was introduced and made popular mainly by two prominent writers including Nathaniel Hawthorne and Allan Poe that give space to ghosts and gore in their stories and pave the way of depiction of different factious objects in the stories. ... re in 1748, The rector of Veilbye by Steen Blicher in 1829, The murder of engine maker Rolfsen by Mautrits Hensen in 1839 and Das Fraulein von Scuderi by Hoffmann in 1819 (Bittner, p76) however, the literary critics and historians believe that detective fiction actually began in the English literature with the publication of The Murders in the Rue Morgue by Allan Poe in which the first ever detective character was impressively introduced by Poe. In his later stories, Poe further refined the idea of detective and illustrated the construction of the story plots using the eccentric and brilliant detective character (Harold, p143). Later in 1843 another story The Mystery of Marie Roget was published followed by The Purloined Letter in 1844 in which Poe strengthened the idea of detective fiction and played vital role in the creation of detective fiction genre in English literature. Unlike the earlier mysterious stories Poe added the essence of fiction and emotions that made his work disti nct and his story formulas were widely followed by the detective fiction writers. The work of Poe became great source of inspiration for the writers in Unites States and all over the world. Several other science fiction writers like Jules Verne also adopted the styles and guidelines provided in Poe’s work and based their writing upon the writing style introduced by Poe (Edward Farah, p132). Poe was a versatile writer as he played important role in the evolution of several types of writing genre like detective stories, adventures, horror, science and fiction. His work in all of these genres successfully worked for his recognition as a pioneering writer of certain writing styles (Bittner, p76) however, his writing focusing upon science and detective fiction possess special place in all of

Gangs and gang behavior - week 6 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Gangs and gang behavior - week 6 - Essay Example Gangs dominated by male are found to have a high delinquency rate than that gang dominated by females since males have a high chance of controlling gangs and motivating female members to see the â€Å"benefits† of violent crime in terms of the rewards attached to these types of crimes. Hence, the involvement of male in female gangs might lead to the females in getting involved in crime that is more dangerous. Female gang groups are seen to be less violent than the male gangs are since females are less likely to use weapons against victims than males (James, 2012). Hence, the presence of males in female gangs increases the chances of the females using weapons against their victims when the males motivate the females to use weapons as a way of achieving the ends. Moreover, there is evidence to suggest that female gangs with males have a high possibility of getting involved in law breaking activities at higher frequencies than those having only female members due to the influence of the male bravado in these gangs. Most females leave, gangs at an earlier age than the boys do. Hence, by having males in the female gangs there is high probability that males will extend their stay thus leading to the female dominated gangs to be more involved in serious crime. This is because studies have shown that women grow out of crime at higher rates than males do (James,

Child Health Patterns Essay Example for Free

Child Health Patterns Essay 1)Compare and contrast identified similarities as well as differences in expected assessment across the childhood age groups. In the health perception category parents are responsible for their child’s perceived level of health and well-being, and on practices for maintaining health. In the school age years the children are beginning to incorporate their own health practices like good hygiene in their daily lives. The nutrition and metabolic pattern continues with help of the parents. Toddlers and preschoolers rely on their parents to make sure that they are eating the right foods. School age kids are in the stage where they can pick out their own foods and have been taught what the best sources of good nutrition are. In the toddler age group, parents are beginning to initiate toileting training. By the school age years this age groups has elimination patterns similar to adults. With the exception of those who have elimination problems like enuresis. Throughout the three age groups, activity and exercise levels continue to increase with the learning of new fine and gross motor skills. Once again parents continue to play a big role by promoting healthy levels of physical activity with their child. As the child begins to age so does their ability to comprehend and use information. Each age group the child continues to add another cognitive function. The biggest difference between sleep patterns is that as the child ages naps are no longer needed. All of the age groups tend to need at least 8 hours of sleep. The differences between the age groups in the roles and relationship pattern is that in the toddler and preschool age they try to identify with their parents or care givers whereas school age children begin to focus or identify with their peers. The value and belief pattern is instilled in the child when they are born. Parents or caregivers teach their children what values are important to them. 2)Summarize how a nurse would handle physical assessments, examinations, education, and communication differently with children versus adults. Consider spirituality and cultural differences in your answer. Adults and children are in two different stages of life. Children are in the stages were they are still learning and understanding how the healthcare world works. Most adults on the other hand are used to going to the doctor and they kind of understand the routine during the assessment process. â€Å"Many assessment techniques for the child are similar to those of the adults. Techniques for approaching the pediatric patient vary from one age group to the next. A basic principle during the physical assessment is building a trusting relationship; this can be done in a variety of ways† (Estes, 2006, pg 848). When assessing the child the nurse must establish a game plan based on the child’s age. Children are already frightened about the idea of receiving an exam but the nurse can use techniques to reduce anxiety. Parents or caregivers must be available for support. According to Estes, 2006 nurses can use game playing and they can demonstrate procedures on a doll, stuff toy or on the parent to increase patient cooperativeness. The writer remembers learning in nursing school about when taking the blood of a younger child. Never say â€Å"I’m going to take your blood pressure† but say something like â€Å"I going to see how strong your muscles are with this cuff†. When educating the child try to involve their parents but use materials that are on the child’s level. This can consists of materials that use colorful pictures and graphics. Individuals have to understand their own beliefs and traditions especially nurses who are with always dealing with the public. Each day more nurses are providing care to patients that are from different cultures. With such a diverse population challenges will be faced. â€Å"As American society shifts in demographics and attitudes about diversity, there is a growing recognition that health and illness care occurs in dynamic interactions situated within complex cultural contexts for both patients and providers† (Benkert, Borse, Doorenbos,Schim,2005, pg324). Nurse have to be more culturally sensitive when assessing and educating patients. If the nurse is unfamiliar with ethnicity or race then research should be done before the assessment if time allows. References Benkert, R. Borse,N. Doorenbos, A. Schim, S.2005. Psychometric Evaluation of the Cultural Competence Assessment Instrument Among Healthcare Providers. Nursing Research.54(5)324-331. Edleman,C. Mandle C.(2010). Health Promotion Throughout the Life Span. Missouri: Mosby Elsevier. Estes M. (2006). Health Assessment Physical Examination.Canada: Thompson Delmar Learning.

Gender-Based Problems of Women in Management Essay -- Psychology, Fem

Gender-Based Problems of Women in Management Early Research The focus of a good deal of the early research on gender-based problems at work has attempted to determine factors responsible for the problems. As noted by Talley (1988), women in management, especially the upper levels of management, were shown by this early research to have consistently been underrepresented and underutilized. An example of the kind of research that was being conducted at this time can be seen in research conducted by Gerike (1983) who compared a group of 34 women in upper- and middle-level management positions, most of them the sole woman at their level, with a group of 34 men matched to them only by job position or job title. Data were collected by mailing a lengthy researcher-designed questionnaire to the sample of female managers. According to Gerike (1983), the findings of the study showed a repeated pattern of gender-based discrimination. Specifically, it was found that female managers were lower in power and status than the males, on the basis of lower salaries; they were also less involvement than males with budgetary matters. In addition, managers more often trained and supervised employees of their own sex. Female managers had longer average tenure with their organizations but less managerial experience. They were paid significantly less than equally experienced males when job tenure for both was less than five years. Income for females but not for males was positively correlated with previous policy-making experience. Female managers were less involved in informal interactions with colleagues, such as lunching and socializing, and more of them were single (11 women, 1 man). Somewhat lower levels of risk-taking behaviors... ... used in the study was from the Current Population Survey, March 1982. Analyses revealed that education was significant in explaining the salary differential for the sample of salespeople only. Marital status was significant for the sample of male salespeople only. Age and hours worked were also found to be significant in explaining the wage differentials for female salespeople, male sales managers or department heads, and male salespeople. Hours worked was the only variable significant in explaining salary differences between married and single female buyers. Birth-order and its effects on the gender-related factor of attitudes toward female mangers was examined in a study conducted by Brenner and Beutell (1989). Since birth-order is one of the variables that will be examined in this study, Brenner and Beutell's study is pertinent to the proposed research.

The Search for Happiness in Jane Eyre, by Charlotte Brontë :: Jane Eyre Essays

Jane spends her first 10 years of her life at Gateshead Hall, a lavish mansion. She lived with her Aunt, Mrs Reed, and three cousins, Eliza, Georgina and John. During her time in the mansion she wouldn't dare argue with the mistress, and fulfilled every duty. Jane is deprived of love, joy and acceptance. She is very much unwanted and isolated. "Eliza, John and Georgiana were now clustered round their mama in the drawing-room... Me, she had dispensed from joining the group" (chapter) Mrs Reed keeps Jane only because of a promise she made to her husband on his deathbed. This abuse and neglect from her relatives forces Jane to be resentful and full of hatred. Later on Jane begins to stand up for herself. Once Jane begins to rebel to the abuse done by John and Mrs Reed, it is as if an uncontrollable beast had been unleashed inside of her. "Something spoke out of me over which I had no control" (chap) She rebelled because she was long deprived of freedom, and her imprisonment. From this isolation Jane manages to learn independence and learns to really only on herself for much needed comfort and entertainment. The most important lesson Jane learns at Gateshead is self independence. Jane is soon sent away to Lowood school. Lowood school has high walls and strict rules which holds the freedom of students. Lowood eats away at her body (inedible food, bad conditions), but Gateshead ate away at her soul (isolation). Life at Lowood is extremely harsh, the pupils are very often given inedible meals, horrific clothing, and extremely cold conditions. It is through miss Temple and Helen that Jane receives her first taste of love and acceptance. Helen is Jane's best friend at Lowood. Helen is a religious role (angelic, and talks about God), in shaping her character. Helen believes everyone should love their enemies. Although Jane does not take to Helens good heart and good nature, with her wie word, Jane respects her for them and listens very passionately to what Helen has to say. Mr Brockleurst is the head teacher of the school. He is another extremely religious figure that Jane comes across. He talks about the deadly sins Jane has commited, yet he does not see his own actions are far worse. Mr Brocklehurts is a harsh and dishonest man, forcing the school to live in squallid conditions, so he can support his own lavish lifestyle. "My plan is bringing up these girls is, not to accustom them to habits of luxuary and indulgence, but to render them hardy, patient, self-denying.

Macbeth Essay: Is Macbeth a sympathetic character? Essay

In Shakespeare’s screenplay, tragedies usually arouse feelings of pity and fear. Yet is the gradual breakdown of Macbeth enough for the audience to feel sympathetic for him? Macbeth is taken place in Scotland. It explores themes like power, desires, ambition and gender etc.. In the story, Macbeth is a general that, due to three witches’ prophecies, fell from a hero into the trap of dark desires for power. An interesting point to note is the relationship between man and woman in the story. Unlike classic views, Macbeth is a rather weak man at home and is dominated and influenced by his wife. I think that there are three points that prove Macbeth to be a sympathetic character. To begin with, Macbeth has never been treated fairly since the beginning. Firstly, the prophecies of the witches have never been fully true. They have hidden some of the truth and consequences just to spur Macbeth on. The prophecies is the reason to his thirst for throne and power. Macbeth believes everything the witches said is true as one of the prophecies has already been fulfilled. Because of the partial-lies, Macbeth thinks of himself undefeatable. His moral conscience allows him to doubt if he shall trust them. Second of all, Lady Macbeth is one of the main reason that pushes Macbeth’s mind to murder. As Lady Macbeth craves for power, she entices Macbeth to listen to her through asking him to strive for money and power. She also threatens and mocks Macbeth’s manhood and courage as a â€Å"coward†, telling him to â€Å"screw [his] courage to the sticking place†. During the murders, she even supports and supervises Macbeth in the murders by asking him to â€Å"leave all the rest to [her]†. Hence, Macbeth has so many outside influences, that it is much likely that he will not have continued with his thoughts to kill Duncan without the influence other characters made on him. Moreover, I believe that Macbeth suffers a lot more than what deserves. He may have hurted a lot of innocent people, but the consequences he faces is  much worse. First, he has been haunted by guilt ever since the first murder. He keeps on having hallucinations: the bloody daggers, Banquo’s ghost†¦ These all marks Macbeth’s guilt and remorse that will permanently stain him for the rest of his life. Secondly, he is slowly becoming more and more isolated. He first loses King Duncan, a man that puts in a lot of trust in him, after murdering him with his own hands. He then kills Banquo, his â€Å"friend† and â€Å"companion-in-arms†, because of the threats he poses to him. Near the end, he even loses his wife Lady Macbeth, who died from illness. At this point, Macbeth has already went from an isolated couple with Lady Macbeth to a totally isolated individual. He has nobody to confront with, nobody to talk to, he is all lonely. Third, his murders even cost his own life. The murders of Macduff’s family and Duncan eventually led to the revenge of Macduff and Malcolm. Therefore, we can see that Macbeth already has to face a lot of consequences due to his murders. Finally, Macbeth has always been portrayed as a real hero in the public’s eyes. In the beginning of the plot, it is mentioned that Macbeth fights a lot of wars for King Duncan and has gained the title of the Thane of Cawdor. He fights so tremendously like â€Å"a giant of fury and courage† that â€Å"he made killing almost holy†. His bravery and success is even described as â€Å"supernatural†. Even when he knows that he is finally going to lose, he still says that he â€Å"cannot fly, but bear-like [he] must fight the course.† He feels like a baited bear, chained to be attacked just for pure pleasure of audience, trapped and lonely, yet there is no going back, he has no chance to win this battle or even go back to where he once is. Yet he never once give up and still continue to fight and be courageous in such hard situations. Therefore, we can see that Macbeth is a real hero. Although some might say that although Macbeth is in grief and guilt, he continue to step further and murder more innocents. Even when Lady Macbeth repents, he never stopped to think what went wrong. In my opinion, Macbeth only did what a normal person would do. He only continued with the murders because there is no turning back. As he says, â€Å"I am in blood stepped in so far, †¦ returning were as tedious as go o’er.’ His mistakes has left him no other choices, even if he admit his wrongs, not much can be done. To him,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"another crime, another murder†¦ but did it matter any more?†. He cannot turn back time. What done is done. He have to face the consequences of his faults. In conclusion, Macbeth is a sympathetic character. He has a strong sense of honour and loyalty, even during the murders of Duncan, he is very resistant and faces a lot of guilt afterwards. It was only because of influence from others that turned him to his dark desires. The story would have turned out to be a lot different if Lady Macbeth is a typical woman. Macbeth will not have been motivated by so much without Lady Macbeth. Even so, when he found the witches to be a fraud, he still acts like a hero, faces the fact and fight with Macduff. Macbeth is a character that took in a lot of hits — from depression to conscience and psychological conflicts to loneliness and isolation. Therefore, no matter how much wrong Macbeth did, he already paid back through the consequences that hit him, he is a sympathetic character.

Writing a Research Paper on Cloud Storage for Education

Writing a Research Paper on Cloud Storage for Education Writing a Research Paper on Cloud Storage for Education For the past several years, cloud computing has been one of the most frequently heard terms. Nowadays we all understand the basic concept of the matter: cloud storage provides the use with an opportunity to avail of secure, safe and almost unlimited means of storing digital material on the web, without the necessity to depend on personal data centers and personal hardware. But how can a cloud computing become a part of an academic research paper? As an option, make sure to base your project on the advantages of the cloud storage for education. Instant Access from Anywhere. Forget all the â€Å"my neighbor’s dog ate my paper† excuses! From now on you can access your photo projects, papers, presentation from your personal mobile device or PC. Go Mobile! It’s time to leave your laptop at home because it’s time for your mobile phone to shine! All you need is your Smartphone to get a quick access to all the data, as well as share your files on the go. Just make certain to pick the device you may need and then – access all photos, files, music and so on via the Cloud. Easy File Share. If you need to instantly share some files with your class mates or professors, make sure to make use of the Cloud. Moreover, the item provides you with an opportunity to edit and send the files back while both drafts will be saved to the shared folder. Stay in Sync. Due to the multi-user sync, you can easily sync the same folder with your classmates locally. Thus, all the adds, changes and edits made to that folder will be updated on every PC automatically. Forget about the emailing back and forth and enjoy the most updated version of every file 24/7! Backup. Do not think about PC crushes, accidently dropped laptops, etc. Having the Cloud there with you will be 100% sure that all data will be automatically backed up. Apart from a bunch of benefits for the college and university students, the Cloud brings a lot of benefits for the teachers as well. Make sure to investigate this side of the matter in your research paper. Avail of the iPad During the Lesson. It’s not a secret that college and university professors use various tablets and gadgets in order to make the lessons more interesting with various videos, presentations and music files. Instant streaming without the wait will help them to easily pull stream videos and presentations. Collaborate in the Classroom. The Cloud provides the teachers with an opportunity to share all files with every student in the group or with the whole class. Thus, students can collaborate together on team papers. Instant Access to the Data. Professors have an instant access to the academic information from their work PC, tablet, which means the whole process of data organization as easy as pie. Use for Personal/Work Use. Cloud gives you a chance to create special folders for both – personal and work use. This makes the organization and distribution of data and documents simpler. If you need a custom written paper from our research paper service just visit our website and fill in the order form!

Tobacco Essays - Smoking, Passive Smoking, Sidestream Smoke

Tobacco Essays - Smoking, Passive Smoking, Sidestream Smoke Tobacco ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE Tobacco smoking has long been recognized as a major cause of death and disease, responsible for an estimated 434,000 deaths per year in the United States. After the Environmental Protection Agency and the Surgeon General stated that cigarettes cause lung cancer there was a tremendous movement to make cigarettes illegal. Now the debate is on environmental tobacco smoke also known as secondhand smoke, passive smoking, and sidestream smoke. The worry is that when non-smokers are exposed to secondhand smoke they face the same health hazards as smokers. Tobacco smoke contains more than forty known carcinogens. Sidestream smoke carries these carcinogens into the air (Sussman 12). According to scientific studies tobacco smoke contains four thousand chemicals, and at least sixty are known to cause cancer. Carbon monoxide is the main gas in cigarette smoke. This gas competes with oxygen for binding sites on red blood cells, and results in depleting the body of oxygen (Q&A). Researchers studied 1,906 women of which 653 developed lung cancer. Women married to smokers were thirty percent more likely to develop lung cancer than those married to non-smokers (LeMaistre 1). According to the Environmental Protection Agency a thirty percent risk is only a small relative risk. The Environmental Protection Agency released its report stating that environmental tobacco smoke is a human lung carcinogen, responsible for approximately three thousand lung cancer deaths annually in American non-smokers. Environmental tobacco smoke has been classified as a Group A carcinogen, the highest ranking under the EPA's carcinogen assessment guidelines.

My Hero essays

My Hero essays Using a fictional character, a historical figure, or a contemporary person, talk about "heroes or heroism." When thinking of heroes to write on I the first and number one hero in my life is my father. My dad is the second oldest of five kids, he was raised in a traditional family where my grand father worked and my grand mother stayed home and raised the kids. I attribute his values and standers to way my father was raised. The reason he is my hero is because I want to be just like him. He loves his wife whom he has been married to for the past 35 years; he is very strong in his faith (Mormon) and loves all five of his children. I am the black sheep in the family, I smoke, drink, and have relationships with different women. Despite all of my faults he loves me the same as the rest of my siblings whom are living the standards of our church (which I remain in active in.) Our relationship grows stronger as time goes on and I get older and under stand more of how life works. We do several fix-it projects together; works on is his garden in the summer and the basement in the winter. I now I can go to my father with any problem I have in my life, he will listen and he is always there to help me out in what ever way he can if he is able to do so. When referring to my father in conversations, everyone whom knows him respects him for who he is and the way he treats others. I have never heard my father swear in my life and he has never treated my mother with any disrespect. He raised his children with a stern hand but never lost his calm cool with us kids. My dad was the enforcer in the house, when I had done something wrong and he punished my he would always say  ¡Chad, this hurts me more than it does you. ¡ Only now as an adult do I under stand what that meant and the incredible love my father had for all of us kids. I come from a very close family, all of us siblings have to see or talk to each o ...

Reflective practitioner Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Reflective practitioner - Essay Example In this case, I cannot take the risk of not working hard with thinking that a miracle will happen, and I will pass. This is the exact thing that gets to happens in the world of sports. For a team to prosper, its members must take many risks that always make them get injured. We cannot fear taking risks because on one side lies getting injure. We should learn to look at the bright side that success lays. In reference to outdoor kinetic experience, different people get to have different experiences on different adventures. For example, one may vie fishing as a leisure activity; just for fun, while another person on the same boat will take fishing as a toll for measuring progress in that the other time he or she got two, this time the person wants to get three or four. This is what applies to people in the contemporary society. For example, I may consider education valuable because it will help me get a career while another person in the same class as me considers it necessary because i t will help him or her get more knowledge and not for career entry. According to John Rawls, every living thing should have the capacity to define a life plan. Different people get to hold different perspective in life. ... I tend to think that in the present age, despite having a life plan, a person is not sure he or she will be able to follow it as intended. This is because life brings along many bottlenecks that one gets to redefine the position of the life plan they once drafted. Handling different types of data Data is the most valuable asset that an organization may have. It is due to this fact that information systems are made, so as to ensure efficient analysis of the data, its storage and security. As a professional individual, it is crucial that one knows how to handle and present data, portraying the intended information analysis. Below we get to analyze a data from a survey on availability of university school courses and other dependent factors. Figure 1: Data University’s Business School Course Availability Survey Category Strongly Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree Will you be satisfied if more sections are offered 0 2 9 9 13 Will you be more successful 4 3 12 7 7 Do yo u prefer to take business cources in the UCD 1 3 16 5 8 Sum 5 8 37 21 28 Average 1.666666667 2.666667 12.3333 7 9.333333333 Median 1 3 12 7 7 standard deviation 2.081665999 0.57735 3.51188 2 3.214550254 Figure 2: pictorial representation Pictorial representation of data is important due to a myriad of factors. The first reason is for easy analysis (AGRESTI, 2002,78). We can all conform that it is easier to deal that that is represented on a bar graph, rather than using the one on the spreadsheet. The second reason is for presentational purposes; when is representing data say to board of directors, it will be hard for them to conceptualize the progress of a company using raw data on a spreadsheet than on a bar graph. However, it is pertinent to

How Gene Luen Yang's Life contributes To the Novel American Born Essay

How Gene Luen Yang's Life contributes To the Novel American Born Chinese - Essay Example Monkey King is a master of the kung-fu arts, and this makes him be adored by his subjects and the most powerful monkey on the earth. However, the Monkey King wants to be recognized as god and not a monkey. Chin-Kee is a typical Chinese stereotype and he keeps on ruining his cousin’s (Danny) life. Danny is a great basketball player and a famous kid at school. However, each year Chin-Kee visits; he is forced to transfer to another school so that he escapes the shame. These three unrelated stories make up the comic novel â€Å"American Born Chinese† (Barnes&Noble 1). Themes The main theme in the comic novel is the attempt to fit in. There is tension between cultural forces and the essential self. In the storyline â€Å"Everyone Ruvs Chin-Kee,† American stereotypes are expressed by Gene Luen Yang’s narration as sitcom. The use of sitcom in this novel is proper because it is a genre that is mostly used in describing stereotypes. Chin-Kee as a typical Chinese is the part that Yang wants to deny in order to fit in with his white friends or peers. Chin-Kee offers nothing important to others in the context of the Chinese culture. This is because he is antiquated and dressed in the Chinese attire, speaks in Chinese accent, and instigates practices that the westerners find to be detestable (Pulliam 1). Chin-Kee eats cats and he is intensely patriarchal. He wants to look for an American girl who is big-breasted and whose feet he is able to bind so that he can have children with her. He plays horrible jokes on his peers, and he does not at all understand proper western behavior. Although Chin-Kee conforms to the stereotypic culture that all Asians are smart, in his case, the knowledge he has, is not useful at all. All the knowledge he has, is to popularize himself in the class and this makes him a laughing stock in an American high school. Yang has become completely assimilated as a Caucasian just like his parents. When it is time for Chin-Kee to leave, each of the parents believes that Chin-Kee is the relative of the other. This demonstrates the degree Jin’s parents have become assimilated (Pulliam 1). The Monkey King story represents the instance of Yang in regard to whom he really is and his culture. Just like the Monkey King, Yang tries to deny his actual self. At the end, the Monkey King must humbly accept who he is just like the monk Wong Lai-Tsao. According to Wong Lai-Tsao, this is the strategy to true transcendence, and it removes the suffering. The monk (Wong Lai-Tsao), â€Å"is free of want because he is free of ego that would make him want what he cannot have† (Pulliam 1). Among the four monks, he is the only monk who has attained legendary status in ancient times and his gifts are said to be remarkable. Wong Lai-Tsao was a master of being humble unlike the other monks who were either masters of bodily needs for movement or food or master rhetoricians. The monk is able to free the Monkey King from prison; he does this by telling him to accept his monkey form and give up all the other forms. If the Monkey King could have done that a long time, he would have been freed from prison. Just like Wong Lai-Tsao, the Monkey King is happy in his true form (the monkey form). Thus, Yang can only find happiness when he accepts who he is (Pulliam 1). Style The comic novel unfolds in three sections: a modern version of the Monkey King myth; the fake-sitcom of â€Å"

Critically evaluate the statement that understanding organizational Essay

Critically evaluate the statement that understanding organizational behavior is important to organizational success - Essay Example Indeed, this confirms that there is a link between organizational behavior and the performance and success of an organization, only that its workforce can differentiate the organization. This paper presents a thoughtful discussion to certify the fact that the understanding of organisational behaviour is important to organisational success. Arguably, studying and understanding organizational behavior is very important to be able to analyze the growth and success of any organization. Understanding organizational behavior involves knowing about individuals and human nature. More so, it is necessary to understand organizational behavior since the organizations themselves have members and the factors that affect the organizations have an impact on the people involved also. Actually, the organizational behavior enables individuals to perform tasks assigned to them effectively starting with the management to the employees in order achieve high productivity and success in an organization. Or ganizational behavior is actually one of the approaches of management (Fayyaz et al. 2008, p. 5). Moreover, understanding organizational behavior is valuable to the organization especially if the organization has effectively implemented organizational behaviors (Phillips & Gully, 2012, p. 6). ... 200). The key employees’ behaviours that are given attention in an organization include productivity, turnover and absenteeism. The absence or presence of employees determines their productivity and that of the organization since the management is concerned with quality of work done by the employees. Job satisfaction is a very important factor that has to be considered by the managers since it has been noted that there is a relationship between job satisfaction and productivity. Satisfaction also explains employees’ absenteeism and turnover as well as their motivation to perform their duties effectively. Apart from employees’ attitude and perception, productivity is influenced by job satisfaction, ethical optimism, and the kind of relationship between the employer and employee (Gilliland, Steiner & Skarlicki, 2007, p. 200). Managers are expected to handle their job effectively and efficiently and they can achieve this by having adequate knowledge to deal with a n ew workforce, and complications of the new working environment. Organizational behavior enables the organization perform well in that, paying attention to employees, and recognizing their performance form part of tasks a manager needs to focus on, in order to be successful (Phillips & Gully, 2012, p. 6). Accordingly, understanding organizational behaviour is very important in organizational success as it helps in examining interactions within small groups either formal or informal where individuals merge their efforts towards achieving organizational goals (Fayyaz et al., 2008, p. 4). Arguably, the goals of organizational behaviour include understanding why people behave the way they do, analyse how individuals behave under

Exercise 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Exercise 4 - Essay Example Calling itself a start up, Mr. Brechner explained that by not taking a risk on the education and early technology training of the Uruguayan children, a whole generation was lost every year since they were prevented from experiencing equality and social inclusion. They did this by enacting active policies within the state. The initiative took great pride in being able to separate policy making and management while conceptualizing the project. The steering committee was involved in policy making while the management of the program was assigned to a separate and specialized institution. This was a feather in their cap because they were able to prevent the politicians in the country from meddling with management and the managers in the government were also unable to meddle when it came to policy making for the program. This was accomplished even though the states within the country were ill prepared to host a program of this magnitude. The program had to overcome such adversities as the fear of teachers that the students would know more than they did about technology, which, as everyone knows, is a given fact in our day and age. The teachers had to become comfortable with the idea that by using computers in class, the students will learn faster and will learn more but, the teachers still hold on to the power and authority that they traditionally had in the classroom. Since 2007 the program has deployed a total of 450,000 computers. These computers were distributed to various students from the first grade and all of primary school to the third grade of secondary school. In total, the computers were deployed to a total of 9 grades in public schools. Servers and connectivity were installed in over 2,500 schools and high schools. The man behind the program proudly announced that 99 % of students participating in their program had internet access in all their facilities with 40% not needing to walk more than 300 meters from where they live in order to have free Cibal in ternet access. Their current program includes transferring the ADSL programs of the schools to fiber optic for better bandwidth and applications. The company made sure that their network access would be publicly available in the most common places such as schools, hospitals, housing complexes and the poorest areas of Uruguay. The program has successfully trained 26 thousand teachers using portals and tv channels to further enhance the training that they received in their 4 year education courses. Total expenses per year for an average student in the program is $100. Included in that cost is the amount of maintenance for the computer, server, and other necessary components for the program. Amazingly, the total expenses on the program so far is less than 5% of the total education budget of the entire country. The results of the program are quite promising. First of all, Mr Brechner emphasized that the importance of the project could be measured in terms of it actually having been acco mplished. The program also had direct and indirect impacts. In numbers, he said that the program has 450.000 impacts, which is the equivalent of the number of students who are participating in the program. He claims that the expenses of the program were worthwhile because of the motivation that the children got to go to the school and study. By offering each student his own laptop, the student miss less classes and they do their work much more proficiently. The laptops brought education